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Security Posture for Small Business Checklist

1. Develop a Security Policy

  • Define acceptable use policies for company devices, internet, and email.
  • Establish guidelines for handling sensitive information (e.g., customer data, financial records).
  • Regularly review and update policies.

2. Secure Network and Infrastructure

  • Use a firewall to protect your network.
  • Enable encryption for Wi-Fi and use a strong password (WPA3 preferred).
  • Segment your network to separate sensitive data from general traffic.
  • Disable unused ports and services.

3. Update and Patch Regularly

  • Keep all software, operating systems, and hardware firmware updated.
  • Use automatic updates whenever possible.
  • Regularly patch vulnerabilities identified by manufacturers.

4. Protect Endpoints

  • Install and update antivirus and anti-malware software on all devices.
  • Use device management tools to enforce security policies on employee devices.
  • Implement endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions for advanced threat protection.

5. Enforce Strong Authentication

  • Require strong, unique passwords for all accounts.
  • Implement Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for sensitive systems and accounts.
  • Use password managers to securely store credentials.

6. Backup Data

  • Schedule regular backups for critical data.
  • Store backups securely in an off-site or cloud location.
  • Test backups periodically to ensure data recovery is possible.

7. Train Employees

  • Conduct regular cybersecurity training for all staff.
  • Teach employees how to recognize phishing attempts and social engineering tactics.
  • Establish a protocol for reporting security incidents.

8. Monitor and Audit

  • Implement monitoring tools to track network activity.
  • Set up alerts for suspicious activity or unauthorized access attempts.
  • Regularly review access logs and audit trails.

9. Manage Access Control

  • Implement the principle of least privilege (PoLP) for all users.
  • Use role-based access controls (RBAC) for sensitive systems.
  • Immediately revoke access for former employees or contractors.

10. Plan for Incidents

  • Develop and document an incident response plan.
  • Conduct regular drills to ensure employees know their roles during an incident.
  • Establish relationships with cybersecurity experts or services for immediate assistance.

11. Secure Physical Access

  • Restrict physical access to servers, routers, and sensitive data storage locations.
  • Use locks, surveillance cameras, and access badges.
  • Ensure secure disposal of old hardware (e.g., hard drives, routers).

12. Use Secure Communication

  • Use encrypted communication tools (e.g., VPNs, secure messaging apps).
  • Train employees to verify recipients before sending sensitive information.

13. Comply with Regulations

  • Understand and comply with industry-specific regulations (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA, PCI DSS).
  • Regularly review compliance status and make necessary adjustments.

14. Assess Risks

  • Conduct regular security assessments or vulnerability scans.
  • Address identified risks promptly.
  • Document findings and remediation actions.